Tag: Sorin AVRAM

Impact of land use/land cover on urban heat island (UHI) within Bucharest area

Sorin AVRAM Irina ONȚEL Ștefan NEGREANU
Abstract

Environmental issues, in the context of climate change attracted the attention of researchers, government organizations and NGOs, which cooperate to find solutions on the greenhouse effect and decrease carbon dioxide in urban areas. Urban planning could play a key role in minimizing climate risks for the human environment. Bucharest is a very dynamic capital-city in terms of economy and demography and thus its urban extension, along new built-up areas and changes of land use/land cover, has a direct influence on many environmental issues, for example the variation of spatial distribution of temperatures. Over the past 30 years, the urban landscape in Bucharest has been changing as new elements were newly constructed or transformed: numerous residential neighbourhoods in the city and mostly in its peripheral areas, vast commercial areas, business centres, etc. The main objective of this research is to demonstrate the relationship between land cover/land use classes and temperature variations, identified by satellite imagery. Therefore, satellite imagery provided by Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 8 OLI/TIR, Sentinel 1 scenes acquired from the years 1990, 2000, 2007, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 were selected for this study. The spatial resolution is 30 m for Landsat images in order to demonstrate the correlation between land use/land cover changes and LST estimation. A multi-temporal analysis was also conducted. Nowadays, high-resolution satellite imagery may contribute greatly to the monitoring of green spaces, saving time and money.

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Capitalization of Tourism Resources in Oltenia (Romania)

Alina VLĂDUŢ, Sorin AVRAM, Liliana POPESCU

Abstract: Oltenia Region has a varied natural landscape displaying all major landforms. The classical tourist offer can be thus completed by introducing the spatial evolution of the territory, by describing the mechanisms of the processes that influenced the placement and further development of different settlements or sites. In this way, tourism acquires, besides a temporal dimension, which used to be prevailing, a spatial dimension, as well, that represents the present tendency in evaluating all the activities by means of eco-compatibility. By integrating these two dimensions in the offer, there can be better evaluated the carrying capacity of the region, the tourist offer leading to the maximization of the tourist activity without surpassing the sustainability limit.

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Methods and techniques used for establishing the age and genesis of pelitic rocks. Applications in geography

Ştefan NEGREANU, Alina VLĂDUŢ, Sorin AVRAM

Abstract: In the sedimentary domain, clays represent about half of the detritic rocks in terms of frequency. Clasts with the diameters smaller than 2 or 4μm, according to the used scale, clays, also called pelitic rocks, have to contain as deposits more than 60% clay minerals of the entire petrographic assembly in order to be categorized as clay rocks. Sediments (the primary material) on the base of which they form after the occurrence of diagenetic processes (porosity reduction, cementation of clasts, dissolving of certain minerals and precipitation of others etc.) are known as muds. The type of clay minerals, their morphology, as well as the morphology of the deposits they belong to, the presence and proportion of different chemical elements characteristic to certain well-established depositing environments, gives us clues about the origin of the primary material and about the transformations, it underwent from the initial depositing stage to the moment the sample is taken.

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Using G.I.S. for identifying mobility problems in Milan city

Sorin AVRAM, Ştefan NEGREANU

Abstract: Becoming an indispensable instrument in the integrated management of settlements, GIS has become very useful for territorial organization, the fluidization of the traffic representing the priority problem from both the environmental and the social costs point of view. Thus, through various informatical systems and mathematical modeling, a series of thematical layers can be realized, taking into account different variables which enter the equation of the territorial mobility, which, once overlapped, can generate extremely precise information regarding the neuralgic points for mobility, the hours with congestions and the road arteries on which they take place, the finality of information hence obtained being integrated in the territorial organization planning that will solve the main town-planning problems taking into account the valid legislation.

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Ecological landfills: rules and structure

Ştefan NEGREANU, Sorin AVRAM

Abstract. From the point of view of waste integrated management, landfills are regarded as a high priority option by most of the public local administrations in Romania, but involve considerable economic investment and relatively large land areas. “Best available technology” becomes a mandatory option when opening such a site, as well as the choosing of the construction technology using the logic analysis Life Cycle Assessment, amortization of the investment, and also the environment protection. Community legislation provides a series of conditions, which must be followed, regarding location, structure, materials and general rules in terms of ambient impact studies, meant to ensure an increased degree of environmental protection accepting the increase in the limits of sustainable development.

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